Fuji Hernawati Kusumah 

Department of Physics Education, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Banten, Indonesia 

Sri Hartati
Center of Excellence Applied Physics and Chemistry, Nano Center Indonesia, Banten, Indonesia

Arramel

Center of Excellence Applied Physics and Chemistry, Nano Center Indonesia, Banten, Indonesia

Akmal Zulfi

Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Banten, Indonesia 

Alfian Noviyanto 

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mercu Buana University, West Jakarta, Indonesia 

Nurul Taufiqu Rochman

Nanotech Indonesia Global, Banten, Indonesia

Khairurrijal
Department of Physics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/cerimre.v9i1.60005

ABSTRACT 

Red Bajakah (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) is an indigenous Indonesian plant recognized for its substantial antioxidant properties. However, its incorporation into electrospun nanofibers is limited, despite the plant’s considerable potential for therapeutic applications. This study focused on utilizing electrospinning to produce gelatin/cellulose acetate (CA) fiber incorporated with Red Bajakah stem extract (BSE). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the gelatin/CA fiber mat prepared at a 6:4 mass ratio (GC) exhibited a mean fiber diameter of 1582 ± 1.15 nm. Meanwhile, fiber mats incorporating BSE, yielded from precursor solutions with GC-to-BSE volume ratios of 8:1 (GCB1), 6:1 (GCB2), and 4:1 (GCB3), had mean diameters of (1511 ± 1.29) nm, (1301 ± 1.36) nm, and (1102 ± 1.67) nm, respectively. The observed differences in average diameter suggest that BSE affects nanofiber formation, promoting the development of thinner fibers as its proportion in the precursor solution rises. Moreover, FTIR spectroscopy confirmed molecular interactions between gelatin, CA, and BSE through characteristic peak shifts, while X-ray diffraction indicated an amorphous structure for all fiber mats. Additionally, granulated BSE, the GCB1, GCB2, and GCB3 fiber mats had IC50 value of (6.32 ± 0.12), (56.93 ± 2.18), (51.39 ± 1.14), and (15.20 ± 0.10) μg/mL, respectively, suggested that all tested samples possessed strong antioxidant activity. BSE retained its radical-scavenging activity after electrospinning, though with some attenuation. These results establish a tunable gelatin/CA/BSE nanofiber mat with preserved antioxidant functionality. Further research is recommended to optimize the formulation and fabrication conditions of gelatin/CA/BSE fibers, with the aim of enhancing their therapeutic potential.

Keywords: Red Bajakah, electrospinning, nanofiber